A change in the way you deal with other people Essay - 1

A change in the way you compete with other(a) raft - Essay ExampleIt is rare indeed of a person who does not respond in kind or in the same manner, an aberration. It is the purpose of this paper to examine and discuss the phenomenon of dealing with people. friendly scientists who wanted to study the attitudes and behaviors of people previously faced a serious quandary on how to core positive change in them. However, be commence nobody in effect exists in a vacuum, it is used as a foundation or starting point to improve peoples lives by making changes in how they deal with other people. This change in attitude has many practical applications, such as in schools, in workplaces and in fact, in the day-to-day affairs of all of us. A teacher who faces a recalcitrant assimilator needs to have patience to achieve positive change in the said student by a series of positive reinforcements, so to speak. A word of encouragement, praise and coupled with genuine arouse and empathy can achie ve far expectanter things in the student than using threats such as coverage him or her to the principal and to the parents.Many entrepreneurs and successful businessmen realize that their continued success to a great deal depends on how they deal with their customers and other stakeholders. Honesty in all their dealings will cause their customers to patronize their products and services it begets loyalty and favorable word-of-mouth free advertising. A businessman who cheats his clients can do such perhaps only once sooner or later, customers will wise up and occlusive buying. In other words, there is a circular causality in how we deal with other people some call it as the law of karma or to put it more simply, what goes around, comes around. The causality is the basis for patterns of gentlemans gentleman behavior that in turn leads to interpersonal cycles (Negele, Fricke & Schulz, 2000, p. 320). There is a feedback mechanism in these cycles, and depending on the reputation of the feedback, can either be positive (virtuous) or negative (vicious), with shorter

Nuclear Weapons and Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nuclear Weapons and Terrorism - Essay ExampleAlthough it may be the case that some terrorists (Or terrorist sympathizers) might be able to build an implosion assembly method (Using a plutonium core) or gun-type assembly method (Uranium tip) thermo atomic weapon from scratch, this approach would be unlikely. Firstly, it would be intemperate to gather all of the raw nuclear materials and assemble them into a working weapon. Although it was postulated by Nuclear reign Institute (2011) that in theory terrorists could steal nuclear power plant fuel and convert that into a working nuclear weapon. However it is my belief that it is far more likely that the theft of completed nuclear weapon sub-components from various sources and then bring them together. The next major issue for consideration is the idea that a completed nuclear weapon could be stolen by terrorist groups. Although it may be the case that nations with nuclear weapons nominate that they have strict controls over the stora ge and transport it is the case that the International Atomic Energy perpetration only places physical security standards on international shipments of nuclear materials and not the internal transportation of these weapons. As such one could postulate that there may exist inadequate protection of several nations nuclear weapon arsenals.

Samsung Electronics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Samsung Electronics - Case Study ExampleThe reminiscence industry is characterized by having few powerful suppliers. The consumers are extremely price conscious thus pelf margins are low. In order to be able to get lower prices from suppliers companies have to buy in bulk. Suppliers give high volume buyers a 5% purchase discount. Memory represents about 4-12% of the cost of an OEM electronic data processor. The OEM computer industry is the primary buyers of drachma. The OEM computer industry is fragmented and no single OEM manufacturer holds more than a 20% market share. Quality is a critical mastery factor for companies in the memory industry. growth quality allows companies to achieve customer retention (Kotler, 2002). Defective memory is high risk for a computer manufacturer because it could destroy product value. OEM companies are willing to pay an extra 1% price bounteousness for reliable suppliers.Samsung which is a successful player in the memory industry developed new types of cut of meat edge memory chips that enable them to differentiate themselves from the competition. The use of innovation enabled the company to have a groovy product variety and penetrate niche markets within the industry were they could charge higher prices. In 2003 Samsung offered 1200 types of DRAM products. This gave the company an advantage because by 2005 the prices of the older memory technology started to depreciate in price. When this occur the outgo approach for companies that did not have the new innovative products like Samsung was to utilize a strategy to piss market share. Chinese manufacturers utilized the strategic approach of increasing market share.Another critical success factor in the industry is having organizational experience and tacit knowledge to master the design and business process. Testing chips for reliability during the production process was imperative. Successful companies designed process improvements to allow more

Bride of Frankenstein by James Whale Movie Review

Bride of Frankenstein by James Whale - Movie Review ExampleHowever, in spite of all these furious actions by the monster, several critics of the picture find the monster to be a sympathetic figure and a reflective analysis of the character proves that the monster incorporates compassionate elements along with the manifest condemnable features.Bride of Frankenstein, unlike the original Frankenstein movie, depicts the story of the Shelley novel almost exactly and the monster in this film version has a compassionate appearance. While in Frankenstein he was a murderous vengeful creature, the law of continuation presents a Monster the audience can sympathise with, thus bringing him much closer to bloody shame Shelleys original concept In one of them the Monster saves a girl from drowning and is rewarded with being shot in the arm. (Bride of Frankenstein) There is a view that the monster does not deserve the kind of treatment it gets at the manpower of the critics as there is nothing u nnatural about the character.

Betty Neumans systems model approach to nursing theory Article

Betty Neumans systems model sexual climax to nursing possibleness - Article ExampleI agree with the assessment of Betty Neuman that the field of health c are is a difficult one to utilize a singular supposition in helping to define it in totality.Due to the fact that nursing is an infinitely complex and nuanced discipline, it is prone to change and be redefined in any of denary key areas. However, if one were forced to choose a solitary guess as an explanation of the dash in which nursing should operate and is currently exhibited within its application, it would necessarily be that of Betty Neumans Systems Model. Due to the fact that her access code argues that the practitioner seek to approach the individual longanimous on a systemic take aim, it is one of the some theoretical approaches that requires the practitioner to dispel as many preconceived notions as is possible. Due to the fact that healthcare practitioners are oftentimes caught up in the individual stressors tha t a patient may exhibit, much(prenominal) factors are oftentimes not headed. I further agree with the analysis that Neumans Systems Model approach points push through that individuals within the nursing profession oftentimes treat the symptoms of a secondary issue rather than desire to draw a level of illation upon what unique stressors could have caused the secondary and tertiary issues that the patient superpower be experiencing. It is Neumans understanding that once these key stressors are isolated and dealt with accordingly, the overall health of the patient will necessarily improve. By seeking to localize and treat these key stressors, both physiological as well as others, the nursing superior can gain a great deal of inference on what ultimate causes which affect the health and outlook of the patient may be (Beckman 2012). Likewise, an example of such a path of action could necessarily be the fact that a patient is exhibiting symptoms that are implicative of a key stre ssor that medical healthcare professions have not yet localized or considered with regards to the discussion plan. This particular theory allows the nursing professional to approach each and every patient with a enormous based understanding that very often the case will be that the key underlying causes of pain, discomfort, or need for treatment will not be expressly manifest to the healthcare professional at first glance and will require a degree of personal understanding, interaction, and appreciation for the unique subset of inescapably that the given patient might require (Hayden 2012). Further, I agree with the respondent that in Neumans theory it is the responsibility of all practitioners to not rely too heavily upon any one given theory as a means of explaining any and all patient interaction (Clark 2012). Due to the fact that theory in question approaches the issue of nursing and healthcare administration from such an open perspective, it is perhaps correct than most in helping to acquaint the healthcare professional with the infinite complexities that doubtless exist when it comes to providing go to affected patients (Mercks et al 2012). In this way, although Neumans theory goes a long way in assisting the professional to approach each and every role with an open mind and to think outside of the box, the fact of the press is that even after such an approach has been effected, the theory requires that the practitioner assume that a hidden level of meaning therefore exists within the treatment and underlying causes that afflict the patient in question. Such an assertion may or may not be true however, to assume that in every situation there exists something that does not meet the eye is both foolish and presumptive (Cobb 2012). As such, such a level of

ENG 105 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ENG 105 - Essay Example unequal governance is a major issue in many African countries, and one that has serious repercussions for long-term food security, says a statement by the international Food Policy Research Institute. (Africas Hunger)It is very disheartening to see the authorities playing this tear game, we move over been blaming each other for something devastating but it is time to stop this and work in consent to help these chthonianprivileged pack.There is increased awareness these days thanks to sources like Facebook, Youtube, Twitter and so on. There are several videos on Youtube showing the fate of young children and adults, who succumb to hunger, this is an ongoing drive to restore parity. Every year 15 meg children die of hunger. (The World Hunger Problem)The opulent have enough food to feed their pets and shower their unconditional love on these pets but they often conclude from helping people who need their help the most. Children in Africa can only be save d when the area realizes their problem and unites to solve this long standing problem. Numerous lives have already been lost and many more(prenominal) will succumb to the same in the near future should nothing be done more or less it.Throughout the 1990s more than 100 million children will die from illness and starvation. Those 100 million deaths could be prevented for the price of ten Stealth bombers, or what the world spends on its military in devil days (The World Hunger Problem)New weapons to destroy each other are being knowing by shelling out a fortune almost each day but the people become insensitive when they hear about the suffering of other people. Even young children fail to consume the attention when they need it the most. This is very disturbing both emotionally and physically.Children are the most visible victims of under nutrition. Children who are poorly nourished suffer up to 160 days of illness each year. Poor nutrition plays a role in at least

Reintroduction of Wolves Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Reintroduction of Wolves - Research Paper ExampleWhile there ar some demerits in reintroducing the wolves, the merits far outweigh them. For decades, the native species of unification America had been adjusting to the changes in the environment by self sustaining balance of prey, predator and supporting habitat. This ecosystem flourished for many ages without any interference or intervention on the part of humans (Busch, 2007). Yellowstone national park was build with the aim of preserving the wildlife and wilderness in North America. It was sight by the State of Montana that wolves and other predators were destroying the ecosystem by killing too many game animals such as wapiti and Moose. There was plan to eliminate them from the area. Due to this, wolves were hunted and killed by wildlife personnel in 1914. The idea of eliminating wolves made them become endangered species which led to the plan to protect and reintroduce them in North America especially in Yellowstone National Park which had favorable habitat for their survival. The contr everyplacesial reintroduction program has been winning in the sense that wolves are now back in Yellowstone National Park after an absence of more than 50 years. ... es in the Yellowstone National Park started in the year 1995 when wolves were regarded as non-essential, observational population according to article 10(j) of the Endangered Species Act. In addition, this clarification authorized government officials to deal with the problems that wolves constitute to the society and it was regarded as series of consensus or compromises of wolf reintroduction pioneers made with the local anaesthetic ranchers and livestock farmers (9news.com). Environmental groups and local industries battled for many years over the Idaho and Yellowstone program of wolf reintroduction efforts. It is important to note that the concept of wolf reintroduction was maiden presented in the congress in 1966 by a group of biologists who were weary of the high population of elk in Idaho and Yellowstone areas. It can be said that in1926, it was the last year that wolves were officially killed in Yellowstone area and over the succeeding years, the elk population and other prey animals had tremendously increased thus, posing a menace to new growth vegetation (Philips et al, 1996). This was as a result of removal of key predators in the area. The wolves were on top of the food pyramid but their absence gave the elk population a fertile grunge to boom out of control. In the coming years species of riparian and aspen cottonwood crashed because of overgrazing. This in turn, abnormal habitat of other species. Despite the dangers posed to the ecosystem by the absence of wolves, livestock farmers and ranchers were still opposed to the reintroduction of wolves in the area citing problems that wolves will bring to their livestock. Yellowstone National Park is the national park in the U.S where many masses visit every year. Conse rvationists, biologists and local business owners

Chinese americans faceing discrimination in work and trade Essay

Chinese americans faceing discrimination in work and trade - Essay ExampleThe first character was a judicial writ to the Supreme Court of the State of California while the second show teddy was on appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for that district.The sheriff stated that the petitioner Yick Wo was found guilty by the Police Judges Court, No. 2 of not obeying the ordinances of the board of supervisors of that county and were rightly fined $10 and in case of non-payment, imprisonment for as many days as the fine amount in dollars according to the law.Now, permits have a look at the ordinances. An order No. 1569 was passed on May 26, 1880, dictating the character of buildings where laundering activities may be carried. Section 1declared it mandatory to have the permission of the board of supervisors to shed blood a slipstream, exempting only brick and stone buildings from its preview. Section 2 declared it illegal to construct scaffolding for any take aim other than specified without taking permission from the supervisors. Further Section 3 of the Order provided with a punishment of one thousand dollars or six months jail or both to those found guilty of committing the offence. other Order was passed on July 28,1880 bearing No. 1587. Sec. 68 of this Order declared it illegal to run laundry business within corporate limits of San Francisco without permission of board of supervisors except in a building make of brick and mortar.It was on record that the petitioner was a Chinese, living in California for the last twenty-two years. He had a license from the board of fire wardens. All concerned departments checked his premises OK. His license had run out on time and had to be renewed, permission of which was denied. There were at that time 320 laundries in the urban center of San Francisco, out of which 240 belonged to Chinese people. It was found that others were not prosecuted only Chinese were discriminated to oust them from their dwelling s where they were residing for the last many-many years and remunerative all taxes. This attitude was

Sign Language in Spain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sign linguistic process in Spain - testify ExampleThese variations are due to the difference in cultures of the countries. Such differences keep evolving over time and they locomote part of the firm language used in the territory.In the United States in that location is a sound news report of deaf culture that goes back to fifty years or so, and it is traceable if one looks by means of scholarly and academic sources. Such a thing is not present in Spain, where the period of history is just around fifteen years. Besides that, in Spain it was not very yen ago that there was an attempt to give an official status to their sign language (which could be Spanish Sign Language LSE and Cataln Sign Language LSC). It was in 2005 that they drew up a law that supported sign language later on the language was at long last supported by the Spanish senate by the year 2007. In the United States deaf culture was actually the basis on which explore had been started, more so in the groups of d eaf people, universities, and in certain related courses such as linguistics and anthropology. On the other hand, in Spain the issue has just been debated a lot all this time.The biggest clash in this seemingly never ending history can be succinctly put in this mood the attribute of oralism in deaf education during the early times is noteworthy as it broke with long believed philosophical thoughts regarding deafness and language. It is possible that this assimiliationist representation had a positive goal of including deaf people in society. There were materially important social advantages for people who could take on to talk. For example people who were deaf and did not speak either were not allowed to inherit property, while on the other hand, people who took pains to learn to speak were given permission to inherit. Though the past of generous paternalism concerning the deaf people in Spain may have had its share of advantages, but indisputably it has not permitted the comple te addition

Marketing Plan College Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing pattern College - Case Study ExampleThis depart provide self-possession Properties with an opportunity to leverage its core competencies succession servicing its business clients in an exclusive environment.Ownership Properties, INC is a privately owned and operated real commonwealth place /managing company. The root word specializes in investing ideas, occupying strategies, inner city locations and serves primarily investing clients.Its available enthronement properties have between three and five bedrooms plus categories, and include all(prenominal) local and nationwide homebuilders. OPI has a high instance of repeat business across all its brands, particularly with custom homebuilders. The housing securities industry is currently somewhat depressed, repayable to the economic downturn and restrictions being made on qualifying loans and financing. This menace to these critical sectors could be considered as short to medium term, as indications of a return to bu siness . Observed. Ownership Properties, INC must continue to focus on delivering an exemplary business service at competitive rates, in order to cultivate repeat business.Ownership Properties, INC offers value and benefits to its clients in earning percentage commission on all deals. Its clients need to know that they chiffonier depend upon and develop a relationship with the management company that will ensure efficiency, ample value for their money and reliable support when they need it. OPI chooses to build very concentrated customer relationships, and we want to stay an integral part of the investing market. Market Demographics - Investor sources California, New Jersey, New York, wampum and Portland. Market trends puke be categorized as follows Taxation investing - 15% of client base. A 1031 exchange of certain types of property may defer the recognition of capital gains or losses due upon sale, and hence defer any capital gains taxes. Section 1031 investors are mostly see king to invest at the same time in multiple real estate deals. Quality is a secondary concern to quantity. These prospect investors are the easiest and the most corporate of all time, as their main concern is taxation. Section 1031 investors may purchase investing property without question or even a site visit, as long as the deals can be closed within their desired timeframe. A specific timeline and term have to be met in closing the deals. Investors could incur large losses if they do not meet the specific terms of the 1031 exchange. money investing - 25% of client base. This portion consists mostly of experienced investors, who have multiple properties and extra notes on hand to obtain a higher rate of return than the regular CD or passbook account at a local bank. These are the most efficient and mature clients, who can close deals within two days if the price is right. OPI tends to favors these type of customers because they are low maintenance. Long-term investing - 60% of client base. This kind of investing is always connected with financing. The investors who are interested in long-run investing are usually short of cash, but have good credit histories. They are look for high returns, but are skeptical. fully depend on the rent in covering the mortgage. Since this group has little or no investment experience, investment advisors must usually devote a down of time to consulting, confidence

Mterials & manufacture 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mterials & manufacture 2 - seek ExampleMetal matrix composites have been receiving significant attention in recent years, particularly in the area of processing techniques. In many instances the properties of a strengthened metal have been shown to provide a performance advantage over monolithic metal, but the high cost of producing the composite has prohibited widespread commercial use. Of the many potential metal matrix systems, atomic number 13 adulteration matrix composites have been the objective of much research, primarily due to the light weight, low cost, and ease of fabrication of aluminum. Within the class ofaluminum alloy matrix composites there exist two distinct material systems, namely (i) discontinuously reinforced composites, with the musical accompaniment taking the form of a particle, a platelet, a whisker, or a chopped fiber, and (ii) continuously reinforced composites, with the reinforcement being a unidirectional or a multidirectional array of continuous fi bers. Discontinuously reinforced aluminum alloys havebeen fabricated by various means, including solidstate processes, such as powder metallurgy techniques (blending of metal and ceramic powders followed by hot pressing) 2, and liquid-state processes, such as compocasting (blending ceramic powder and molten aluminium, agitating and casting) and pressurized liquid-metal infiltration.During this practice work, we had study a Metal Matrix Composite (MMC). This MMC contains 10% of Aluminium oxide or Alumina (reinforcement) and 90% of Aluminium alloy matrix (2618A). The aim of MMC is to improve the properties of this material. Indeed, Aluminium is ductile and Alumina (Al203) is stiff and strong. When we combine these two materials we hold in a composite with better properties. The aim of this laboratory its to compare the green density with the form density. Moreover, we can see the different structures, between green and sintered density, by an electron microscope available in the

Fat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fat - Essay ExampleHe tries to convince his readers that purchase order should non take responsibility for the unhealthy behavior of others, and that everyone should strive to be healthy. He is of the opinion that it is ab engross for the American government to try and fight obesity by manipulating consumer in the variety of food options that they should use (Balko, p 159).In another text, Paul Campos says that society should not pinch individuals to be thin. He claims that universe fat is fine and that there has been no scientific proof that creation thin means being healthier. He says that it is all propaganda by the diet industry to get money from people. Campos notes that many people head for the hills to think that being thin means being healthy. He asserts that thinner people are not healthier than fat people, and they should not believe that they are because that is mere propaganda (Campos, p 209).Susie Orbach points out that beauty and tangible fitness have become the goals of almost every woman today. She notwithstanding argues that most women have do the names of diet foods their vocabulary. Issues of food and being fat have preoccupied most people to the intent that they are usually taken for granted. However, these problems present very painful and serious experiences to most women (Orbach, p 200). Susie Orbach further notes that society creates an image that should be followed by women, for them to be appealing. These images keep changing and hence add pressure on women to keep up with the trends (Orbach, p 203). She writes that, in all the changing images, the one thing that rest constant is that women are portrayed as thin.In the last article used in this analysis, David Zinczenko, in his essay, dont blame the eater, writes that the weight problem faced by society is not plainly the consumers problem it is largely fuelled by the food industry itself. He says that fast food restaurants play a significant role in weight gain

Nurse practitioner school Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nurse practitioner school - personalized Statement ExampleI was subsequently requested to have in specialty surgery by a vascular surgeon due to my efficiency, experience, and expertise in various aspects of nursing. I did this for some(prenominal) age as I also earned and furthered my studies to obtain my registered nurse (RN) license. This was later on followed by working as a charge nurse in a very busy trauma center where I gained more knowledge in performing a variety of administrative and clinical duties by providing eccentric care nursing and coordinating total nursing care for patients and residents alike. My other duties had included implementing specific programs, procedures, and processes, expediting work flow but still ensure accuracy in quality health care, and being actively involved in many committees that recommended and implemented various evidence-based practical measures in nursing.I went on several medical missions in the past and these experiences were inst rumental and influential in my desire to obtain a master degree in nursing. Medical mission trips are very good ways to get grounded in reality and give back to underprivileged people right here within our own borders (Fahlbusch & Bromiley, 2003). The work of a nurse is quite challenging but is also extremely rewarding which is why I desire to obtain a masters degree in due

The Role of IMF(International Monetary Fund) and its impact on Poblic PowerPoint Presentation

The fibre of IMF(International Monetary Fund) and its impact on Poblic Policy in chinaware and South Korea - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleThis necessitates the motive to establish the role played by the IMF in promoting these countries development.IMF is an international organization that was established in the endure world war II period. The aim of its establishment was to enhance the stability of foreign exchange. It was also meant to make water a channel through which international payment systems would be reconstructed. This followed the disruption of the payment systems during the World struggle II. Initially, it had a ingredientship of 44 countries. However, its membership stands at 188 in present day. The member countries contribute towards a common pool, from where countries with deficits can borrow. The roles of the IMF have also changed, to include financial and technical assistance to affected member countries.The effects of IMF in East Asia are innumerable. Howev er, the most significant is the assistance of these countries during the financial crisis of East Asia in 1997. Nevertheless, the critics of this role argue that the IMF did not save the situation. They argue that that the higher interest rates charged, the tight monetary policies issued and the forced cut in government budget worsened the situation. However, it is apparent that the financial bailouts given to these countries by the IMF helped them to recover from the crisis.The IMF has influenced Chinas public policy in various ways. It maintains and engages in policy conversation with the Chinese authorities. It helps the Chinese government refine its economic and structural refer issues. The IMF identifies and monitors economic development in China. It helps the Chinese government and authorities undertake developmental and policy implementations. It achieves this through exchanging views regarding these issues.The economic situation of China has changed since it joined IMF. Ch ina has grown immensely both economically and socially since joining the IMF. It has

Course reflection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Course reflection - naming ExampleWhile studying this course, International Food and Beverages team up work has been so helpful to me. ii heads are better than one. Working in a team always makes work easier. Its a bond which promotes unity, reliability and support. Team work means a sense of unity, of enthusiasm for common interests and obligations, as developed among a group of people closely associated in a task. The oxford dictionary defines teamwork as the junction action of a group of people, especially when successful and efficient (Annet 2000).Team work has supported my more than empowered way of working, it has removed limitations which might have prevented me from doing my job properly, it has Encouraged multi-disciplinary work where teams cut across organizational divides, enhances flexibility and awareness, especially the ability to respond to change and also Promoted the sense of attainment, equity and camaraderie. When managed properly, team work is a better way t o work (Weyn, 2002).Despite the benefits of working in a team, it has not been easy. I have encountered different challenges. At times, Members could not feel mutually accountable to one another(prenominal) for the teams objectives. There was a lack of commitment and effort, conflict between team goals and members in the flesh(predicate) goals, or poor collaboration. Secondly, decision fashioning have been difficult. Team members would be rigidly adhering to their positions during decision making or making repeated arguments rather than introducing new information. Thirdly, poor communication has been another problem. Team members would vex or talk over one another. There would be consistent silence from some members during meetings, allusions to problems scarce failure to formally address them, or false consensus (Jone 2005).From my team work experience, team work shag be effectively managed through first, building trust among team members. If trust is lacking it must

Active Versus Passive Mind Debate Essay Example for Free

Active Versus Passive look Debate Essaytienne Bonnot de Condillac an 18th-century French philosopher contended that the senses are the foundation for all ideas and other functions carried out in the mind. another(prenominal) prominent French philosopher, Ren Descartes supported the Rationalistic surmisal an explanation of behavior based on logic that has nothing to do with the senses. Condillacs Sensationalism premise and Descartes theory of Rationalism serve as open fire for the classic busy versus passive mind debate.The passive mind theory suggests that all learning occurs by means of the experience of sensations, in the absence of voluntary mind control processes, while the active mind theory claims the exact opposite that individuals actively focus certain mental processes on the subject matter and the senses bring no incite in the process. Descartes also believed that sensory data was inclined to be false and was wherefore useless, suggesting that mathematical ded uction was the only path to the truth. Justin Skirry 2008I believe that both theories have some validity. The conundrum arises for me with the use of the word all by Condillac, and the use of the word only by Descartes, which is what takes the theories from the moderate part of the continuum to the extreme. Sensory learning is of course a proven fact, but it is also a fact that active learning occurs as well. It is not unusual for a philosopher to be both a sensationalist and a rationalist at the same time.I tend to trust my deductive powers of reasoning more than my senses, because some outside forces can alter the senses. Take emotion for instance, I am aware of the role unchecked emotions can play in faulty decision-making. I have learned not to make fundamental decisions when I am in a highly emotional state.

Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Essay Example for Free

Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe EssayAfter Chielo took Ezinma away, Okonkwo was not able to sleep. He made several trips to the cave before he finally found and joined Ekwefi waiting outside the cave. When Chielo came out of Agbalas cave with Ezinma in the early cockcrow hours, she ignored Okonkwo and Ekwefi and carried the sleeping Ezinma home to her bed, with the girls pargonnts following behind. On the following day, the resolution celebrates the next compensatet in the spousals of the daughter of Obierika, Okonkwos friend. The uri is a ritual in which the suitor presents palm-oil to everyone in the brides immediate family, her relatives, and her extended stem of kinsmen. For this ceremony, primarily a womans ritual, the brides m new(prenominal) is expected to prepare food for the whole liquidation with the help of other women. Ekwefi is exhausted after the preceding nights events. She delays going to the celebration until Ezinma wakes and eats her breakfast. Okonkwos other wives and children proceed to Obierikas compound the youngest wife promises to return to prepare Okonkwos afternoon meal. Obierika is slaughtering two goats for the soup and is admiring another goat that was bought in a populate village as a gift to the in- justices.He and the other men discuss the magic of care for used in the other village that draws people to the market and helps intoxicate some of them. While the women are preparing for the feast, they hear a cry in the distance, revealing that a cow is loose. Leaving a a few(prenominal) women to tend the cooking, the rest go find the cow and drive it back to its owner, who must pay a heavy fine. The women check among themselves to be sure that every usable woman has participated in rounding up the cow. The palm-wine ceremony begins in the afternoon as soon as everyone gathers and begins to drink the first-delivered wine. When the new in-laws arrive, they present Obierikas family with fifty dollar bill pots of wine , a very respectable number. The uri festivities continue into the night and end with much singing and dancing.AnalysisThis chapter raise contributes to the understanding of several tribal customs and beliefs the uri ceremony, which illustrates the phase of the marriage process following the agreement on bride-price (Chapter 8) the belief in charming powers to attract people to a market and even to helprob them the law that requires villagers to control and corral their animals or else pay a penalty and the custom that requires all available women to chase an escaped cow home. These descriptions follow the events of the preceding chapter and illustrate the strength of the villagers beliefs in the earth goddess and her powers, even when she requires the near abduction of a child.Yet, in most of the handed-down events, the less than complete, blind obedience to a law or custom by some men and women suggests several strong, individual personalities. For example, Ekwefi is certainly one of the less-traditionally throttle women, and Obierika represents men who question some traditions and rituals. Sexual activity is a subtle part of courtship and marriage rituals. The chant at the end of the celebration, when I hold her waist beads / She pretends not to know, suggests that sexual forethought is an enjoyable game for women as well as for men. In the preceding chapter, Okonkwos protective, manly presence in the darkness by the cave triggers Ekwefis fond memories of her first wedding night, when he carried her into his bed and . . . began to feel well-nigh her waist for the loose end of her cloth. glossiness umunna the extended family and kinsmen.a great medicine a supernatural power or magic that may take the mould of a person. In the Umuike market, the medicine assumes the shape of an old woman with a beckoning, magical fan. yam pottage a watery gruel made of yams. outlineIn the dead of night, the sound of a drum and a cannon announce the death of Ezeudu, an outstanding man in the village. Okonkwo shivers when he remembers that Ezeudu had warned him against playing a part in the sidesplitting of Ikemefuna. Everyone in the village gathers for the funeral ceremony of a warrior who had achieved three titles in his lifetime, a rare accomplishment. During the ceremony, men dance, fire off guns, and trend about in a frenzy of wailing for the loss of Ezeudu. Periodically, the egwugwu inspirits appear from the underworld, including a one-handed spirit who dances and brings a message for the dead Ezeudu. Before the burial, the dancing, drumming, and gunshots become increasingly intense. Suddenly an agonized cry and shouts of detestation are followed by silence. Ezeudus sixteen-year-old son is found dead in a pool of blood in the midst of the crowd. When Okonkwo fired his gun, it exploded and a piece of iron pierced the boys heart. In the history of Umuofia, such(prenominal) an accident has never occurred. Okonkwos accidental killing of a co teriesman is a crime against the earth goddess, and he knows that he and his family must leave Umuofia for seven years.As his wives and children cry bitterly, they hurriedly pack their most worthy belongings into head loads to be carried as they prepare to flee before morning to Mbanta, the village of his mother. Friends move Okonkwos yams to Obierikas compound for storage. After the familys departure the next morning, a group of village men, carrying out the traditional justice prescribed by the earth goddess, invade Okonkwos compound and destroy his barn, houses, and animals. Okonkwos friend Obierika mourns his departure and wonders wherefore Okonkwo should be punished so severely for an accident. Again, Obierika ponders the old traditions, remembering his own twin children who were abandoned in the forest because of tribal tradition.AnalysisIn the literary tradition of the tragic hero, Okonkwos undoing continues with his accidental killing of Ezeudus son. Early in the chapter, Achebe foreshadows the event with Okonkwos memory of Ezeudus warning about not killing Ikemefuna. The author builds prominent tension by describing an increasingly frenzied scene of dancing, leaping, shouting, drumming, and the firing of guns, as well as the scare appearance of the egwugwu. The action climaxes with an explosion of gunfire and then comes to a stop with the phrase All was silent. Achebe emphasizes the sombreness of Okonkwos crime by saying that in Umuofia nothing like this had ever happened.As in Chapter 8, Obierika gently questions clan traditions this time, the tradition demanding that Okonkwo be banished for seven years because of an accidental killing. He also questions the tribal abandonment of twins, remembering his own innocent children left to die in the forest. The chapter includes several intimations of impending doom for the clan and its traditions. Achebe ends the chapter dramatically with the proverb, If one finger brought oil, it soiled the others, suggesting that Okonkwos crime may lead to the ultimate downfall of Umuofia itself.GlossaryGo-di-di-go-go-di-go. Di-go-go-di-go the sound of drumbeats on the ekwe, or drums. esoteric intended for or understood by only a chosen few, as an inner group of disciples or initiates (said of ideas, literature, and so).raffia 1) a palm tree of Madagascar, with large, pinnate leaves. 2) fiber from its leaves, used as string or woven into baskets, hats, and so on. Mbanta The name means small-scale town and is where Okonkwos mother comes from, his motherland, beyond the borders of Mbaino (Ikemefunas original home).

Physics color Essay Example for Free

Physics twist EssayThere argon many more touch in the world around us, these colors are all erived from mixing two or more visible colors. The process of understanding the colors in the world allows us to understand cultures , behaviors, emotions, and point state of mind, this process is called Color psychology. Color psychology is a science which allows us to unlock secrets of colors and the locomotes that colors have on us, as well as, allowing us to utilisation colors in slipway most suited to human life. The four main colors in color psychology are red, blue, green, and color, these colors are primary colors that relate to the body, mind, emotions, and balance of human beings. Each color holds many secrets and connotations behind it the color red is one of the most powerful color because it has the longest wavelength, it place affect us in more than one way it suffer be considered as a signalize of friendliness and simplicity, as well as, being a sign for aggressi veness and dominance.Red is a natural philosophy color that can easily capture our attention and raise our pulse rate, when used in interior painting it can reflect certain senses and refract specific attitudes, red painted rooms can evoke string emotions, encourage appetite, passion or intensity, it can also ymbolize love, for those reasons many brands, like KFC, McDonalds, and others, use Another powerful color is yellow, it has the longest wavelength and is considered one of the most emotional colors, which makes it one the strongest colors physiologically. beneficial like red, yellow can evoke a multiple range of emotions, the right yellow can help with confidence and allows our state of mind to become more optimistic, but the wrong pitch of yellow can be a reason of fear and concern. 2 Blue, the most productive color, is always considered for the color of the mind it ffect our minds more than any other color. Like red and yellow, ranges of blue arouse different behaviors aff ectionate blue will stimulate clear thought, light blue will help us in reaching a clam and eased state of mind.Unlike red, blue is considered unfriendly, unemotional, and cold. Also blue objects do not seem apparent to us unlike red objects. Blue painted rooms evokes calmness, serenity, curbs appetite, and in most cases is associated to peace, they can be offices and corporate business rooms. Lastly, green, the color of nature. Green is always accompanied with tranquillise nd restfulness attitude and behaviors. Being in the centre of the spectrum, it is the color of balance a more central concept than many people realize Color effects.The ranges of green as any other color can affect us in negative and positive ways it can help us recover rested, balanced, and peaceful, but it can also make us feel bored, enervated, and bland. Green can be used in painting bedrooms because it gives a sense of tranquility and health. To sum up, color psychology affects our perfunctory life, whe ther we know it or not it can be ou red bedroom that makes us wake up every day feeling angry and overdosed with emotions, or it can be your blue office that makes you feel most productive when working in it.

Why the Legal Drinking Age Shouldnt be lowered Essay Example for Free

Why the Legal Drinking sequence Shouldnt be lowered EssayIn the United States, the legal imbibing age for all cubic decimetre countrys and the District of Columbia is twenty- ace. The befuddleing age is twenty-one beca consumption the government decided this is when a person be produces licitly responsible to handle the repercussions of consuming inebriant. The U. S. has the lavishlyest legal drinking age in the world. Only four countries in the world have a legal drinking age over eighteen, making the US an exception rather than the rule. Some people whitethorn argue that the government should lower the drinking age since you de jure become an adult at age eighteen, but I completely understand this counterbalancefulness and am totally for it. minor(ip) drinking has become an epidemic that has spread all over the world, but much so in the United States than any other country. This is disturbing because the brain is non fully essential until a person is around twenty -two eld of age. therefore, it should be harder for minors to support intoxi toilettic beverage, and the legal drinking age should not be lowered. What is alcohol, and where did it come from? intoxicant is a natural substance formed by the reaction of fermenting bread with yeast. The production of alcohol actuateed close 10,000 years ago.It all started around the morose and Caspian Seas with wine, and slowly made its way around the surrounding areas. Mesopotamia and Egypt were thriving with wine productions by 3,000 B. C. (Narconon). A curtilage years later, a Roman God, Dionysus, started appearing in the literature, and was the god of the grape harvest. Then, abtaboo 700 years after that, in addition to wine, India started manufacturing beer. This new production spread rapidly, and the Hebrews adopted the new beverage for many divers(prenominal) new medicines. After that, the Jews began to use wine and beer in sacred rituals and ceremonies.Although some cultures accep ted alcohol, others rejected it completely. Because these soaker beverages were spreading so quickly, they raised curiosity. A medical school in Italy began doing experiments, and finally developed something called distillation- a purer, stronger alcohol (Narconon). From Italy, these new drinks spread to England and Scotland, and eventually found their way over to the States. Drunkenness became a Brobdingnagian problem in America, so the government passed the prohibition era Act of 1920. Originally, the eighteenth amendment to the U. S.Constitution prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of all dry beverages. Upon its ratification by the adduces, Congress voted its approval in 1919. Thus the law was passed, and became known as the subject field Prohibition Act of 1920 (American Medical Association). The eighteenth amendment was repealed in 1933, which made the Prohibition Act null and unenforceable. After prohibition, most states restricted the minimum l egal drinking age to twenty-one. among 1970 and 1975, twenty-nine states lowered the minimum legal drinking age to eighteen, nineteen, or twenty.These changes were made when other activities, such as voting, were lowered. In between September 1976 and January 1983, the minimum legal drinking age for all(prenominal) state was set at the age of twenty-one. Although this is the law in our country, it is excessively incredibly easy for minors to obtain alcohol. As always, there are different ways to work around the law. These are issues that must be addressed. Some of these ways accept a fake I. D. , a minor giving someone funds to go buy it for them, going somewhere that will sell to minors, or even stealing it from their parents spirits cabinet.A fake I. D is f wrinklely cheap and excessively easy to get if you know the right people. For the most sectionalization, if you were a minor trying to get alcohol you could go up to any random person, and eight times out of ten that pe rson would go buy it for you. There are also keisters minors could go to buy it themselves like little gas stations around the lower socio economic societies. The reason that these gas stations will sell to minors is because it increases their sales, and because they will get little penalization for selling to minors. If they do get fined for it, the fine isnt enough to make them stop.Alcohol generally is not secured in most homes so there is easy access for minors who have no fears about taking it from their parents. There has also been the increasing trend of parents not only providing alcohol, but encouraging its use in the home, under the assumption that minors will do it anyway and its better to do so in a supervised, safe environment. Underage drinking is one of the biggest problems that the U. S. faces, and is now considered a common health problem. Young adults have the highest prevalence of alcohol consumption than any other age convention (Century Council).They also dr ink to a greater extent heavily, experience more negative consequences, and engage in more poisonous activities. Drinking at any age can have some of the worst effects on you and the people around you. Many young teens that experiment with alcohol believe there are no consequences to their actions. It is actually quite the opposite. Alcohol is associated with driving force under the allure, violence and aggressiveness, sexual activity, smoking, and poor school performance. There are all of these problems, and then some that all started with alcohol.Driving under the influence or a DUI is classified under two categories, and can be given out if the person is under the influence of an intoxicating drink or a combination of an alcoholic beverage and drugs. There are felonies and misdemeanors. The difference between a misdemeanor and a felony is misdemeanor DUI charges means that the charge involved no disfigurement or property damage, and the penalty can be up to 6 months in jail. A felony has wound and/or property damage, and the penalty could be up to three years in a state prison. This number fluctuates depending on the number of misdemeanors or felonies a person has had in the past.These laws are in transport to not only protect the youth in America, but to also ensure that other unacquainted(p) people on the roads do not get hurt. There are plenty of accidents that come from texting and driving already (which is the equivalent to drinking and driving) that to lower the drinking age, I think, would cause more alcohol-induced accidents. Underage drinking already contributes to more than 4,700 automobile wrecks a year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and studies have shown that every twenty-two minutes someone will die of an alcohol related traffic accident (First shoot policy Services).Although you probably think that it could never happen to you, other studies have shown that everyone has a forty part chance of being in an accident invo lving alcohol use at some point in their life (Drug Free World). Vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death for minors age 15-20 years old (Century Council). Aside from drinking and driving, there is also a two-way association between alcohol consumption and violence or aggressiveness.While individual behavior is shaped in large part by the environment, it is also manipulated by biological factors, and ultimately directed by the brain, but the brain is runed if large quantitys of alcohol are consumed. The consumption of alcohol may promote aggressiveness and lead to victimization, which in turn leads to excessive consumption of alcohol. Violence and aggressive behaviors are those that are threatening, hostile, or damaging in a personal or nonphysical way. There have been multiple studies conducted that show there is a link between violent crimes and alcohol consumption.In 2012, the percentages of violent offenders who were drinking at the time of the crime were lxxx-six percent of homicide offenders, thirty-seven percent of assault offenders, sixty percent of sexual offenders, up to fifty-seven percent of men, and twenty-seven percent of women involved in marital violence, and thirteen percent of child abusers (NIAAA). A atomic reactor of times alcohol is accompanied by cigarettes, marijuana, or other hardcore drugs. Many researchers hypothecate that the ethanol in alcohol triggers a feeling of pleasure, and those feelings are reinforced when nicotine is added to the mix.Others think that those who abuse one substance will be more inclined to abuse other substances. Nicotine lowers blood alcohol concentration, so therefore a person who is smoking and drinking simultaneously would have to consume more alcohol in order to r to each one intoxication. Most people react differently to alcohol than others do. A lot of this has to do with the persons age, gender, race/ethnicity, physical condition (weight, fitness level etc. ), amount of food consumed b efore drinking, use of drugs/prescription medications, and family recital of alcohol problems.Usually when there is a family history of alcohol problems you will often see a history of some other type of affection linked to it. Some of these include embrace cancer, oral cancer, heart disease, strokes, diabetes, and cirrhosis of the liver. Twenty percent of alcohol is absorbed directly through the stomach walls into the bloodstream, and reaches all organs and tissues of the body within moments. The other eighty percent is processed through the gastrointestinal system. It is considered a drug, and is a sedative depressant of the central vile system (Reeves).Alcohol can damage the dendrites at the end of a nerve cell cause disorder to brain functions. It is also capable of rupturing blood capillaries and veins. Aside from damaging nerves and veins, it can also damage the liver. It stops the livers ability to process fats, and can cause disease. The high sugar content in some alcoh olic or mixed beverages can lead to hypoglycemia and predispose one to diabetes. Alcohol can also alter sleep patterns, basic motor functions, thoughts, and emotions. The consumption of alcohol on or at an above average rate can lead to alcoholism. Women metabolize alcohol more slowly than men.Because it stays in a womans bloodstream hugeer, it can cause more cellular damage of the kind that can trigger cancer. Alcohol also influences blood levels of estrogen and other hormones in ways that may make cancer more likely. For example, compared to women who dont drink at all, women who have three alcoholic drinks per week have a 15% higher risk of depreciator cancer. Experts estimate that the risk of breast cancer goes up another 10% for each additional drink women regularly have each day. Girls ages 9-15 who have 3-5 drinks a week have 3 times the risk of developing benign breast lumps(Breastcancer. org).These benign breast lumps can be a precursor to breast cancer. From this it is e asy to see that the young that someone starts consuming alcohol, the increased risk of cancer and loss of life is more likely. It might be easy to dismiss this issue as one of personal choice or preference. This discounts the social opposition of drinking on society. Alcohol cost American employers an estimated $134 billion in productiveness losses, mostly due(p) to missed work (Ensuring solutions. org). The impact is not only economical though. Missed work impacts every player at a job who must work that much harder to accomplish their work tasks.It also can decrease teamwork and morale due to resentment from the missed time at work, therefore decreasing productivity as well. Additionally, alcohol impacts every workers paycheck in other ways. As a rule, workers in America pay taxes on their pay as part of the social contract. These taxes are used for a categorisation of federal projects, such as ensuring a strong infrastructure, including maintenance of our highway system. Alc ohol related crashes costs the public $114. 3 billion annually (MAAD). This is money that could be washed-out improving our roadways, bridges, and mass skip systems.This would also address shortfalls in other areas of the government budget, such as possibly addressing the furlough of air traffic controllers due to the current sequester. Not only is alcohol affecting society in wrong of road safety, it is impacting air safety too. These quotes and statistics are not specifically for underage drinkers but as a sampling of society as a whole we can see that if adults are unable to drink heavily and prolonged without negative effects the same should be true of minors who have not yet developed full brain capacity and critical thinking skills.It is not just physical and social effects that are felt by people who overuse or abuse alcohol. Among high school students, those who use alcohol are five times more likely to drop out than those who dont use alcohol. Alcohol is implicated in mo re than 40 percent of all college academic problems and in 28 percent of all college dropouts (Alcoholcostcalculator. org). This has a ripple effect. High school and college dropouts on average win less than those with secondary and post secondary degrees.This not only impacts the immediate quality of life it has long term effects reaching into retirement. Social Security is based on lifetime earned income. With the trim earning potential of not having a diploma or degree underage drinkers set themselves up for animateness on a fixed income once they become old or infirm. This is not the only economic impact. A quick looking at at Rehabilitation Centers shows price ranges from $2,000-$30,000 for a 28 day stay. This does not include continuing aftercare.There are also legal fees for DUIs or Public Intoxication citations, irrefutable bar tabs prior to the cessation of drinking. Out of every $100 American consumers spend, about $1 goes to alcohol (Vo). The average household income is around $50,000 per year, meaning that on average $500 a year is spent on alcohol, for an approximate lifetime average of $35,000. In 2007 the death toll from teen drunk driving accidents was 1,393 (Drug Free World). The economic impact of funeral expenses, which on average total around $6,000, is nothing in term of emotional cost.Many parents who lose a child end up divorcing, tearing apart families in the process. This may also lead to alcohol or other drug abuse in the parents or siblings, resulting in further economic, social, and societal impacts. Its a vicious cycle and one that could be avoided by continuing to keep the drinking age at the current level. There are numerous warn signs that a minor may have an issue with underage drinking and it is important for those involved in the minors life to recognize these to curb an issue before it begins.These include physical, emotional, family, school, and social problems. Parents, teachers, and friends should look for physical signs such as fatigue, red and glazed eyes, or a lasting cough. Emotional indicators include personality changes, sudden mood changes, irritability, irresponsible behavior, low self esteem, poor judgment, and depression. The minor may start more arguments, break more rules and withdraw from their family. There will be a decreased pursuance in school, drop in grades, increased absences, truancy, and a rise in discipline issues.The minor may show a big social change, with new friends, a change in style of dress, and thinkable problems with the law. This list is not exhaustive, but from the examples given it shows that underage drinkers have a wealth of issues that will affect them negatively for quite some time. With all of this in mind, I do not feel that sound the legal drinking age would be in our countys best interest. The government has these laws in place to keep our country and the people in it safe, and if these laws were to change it would send our country into a downward spiral.I feel that the rates of alcohol induced traffic accidents, rates of violent crimes related to alcohol, rates of sealed types of diseases, and much more would upsurge drastically. I also feel that if our government doesnt address these issues with more force and power, minors will keep doing what they have been doing and nothing will change. Works Cited Alcohol Alert. www. pubs. niaaa. nih. gov/publications/aa38. htm. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). N. d. Web. 25 April 2013. Drinking Alcohol. www. breatscancer. org. 18 January 2013. Web. 4 whitethorn 2013.Drunk Driving in America. www. maad. org/media-center. Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MAAD). N. d. Web. 25 meet 2013. Ensuring Solutions to Alcohol Problems. www. ensuringsolutions. org. N. d. Web. 4 may 2013. Minimum Legal Drinking Age. www. cdc. gov/alcohol/facts-sheets/mlda. htm. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 7 November 2012. Web. 19 serve 2013. Minimum Legal Drink ing Age Brief History. www. ama-assn. org. American Medical Association (AMA). N. d. Web. 19 March 2013. Narconon Drug Information Department, ed.Alcohol History. www. narconon.org/drug-information/alcohol-history. Narcanon International. N. d. Web. 25 March 2013. Problems at School. www. alcoholcostcalculator. org. Ensuring Solutions to Alcohol Problems. N. d. Web. 4 May 2013. Reeves, Pat. What Alcohol Does to Your Body. www. foodalive. org/articles/alcohol. htm. Complementary Natural Healthcare Council (CNHC). N. d. Web. 23 March 2013. Teenage Drunk Driving. www. firsteagle. com/tdd. htm. The First Eagle Insurance Services. N. d. Web. 22 April 2013. Vo, L. T. What American Spends on Booze. www. npr. org. National Public Radio. 2013. Web. 4 May 2013.

University Culture Essay Example for Free

University gardening EssayT present atomic number 18 universities all over the world with their accept rummy husbandrys which include their own customs among otherwise things. sift University is a broad example of a college with its very own unique culture comp ared to other universities. E. B. Tyler defined culture as that complex social unit which includes knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society (Howe Culture trounce 2011). This is tho one of many a(prenominal) definitions of culture that retain been thrown around by numerous individuals end-to-end the course of history. This definition in calveicular fits sieve University extremely well. No one of the before mentioned qualities such(prenominal) as knowledge, morals, or customs make Rice University what it culturally is, but it is when all of these aspects are brought in concert that Rice really be generates what the university is today. When one matriculates at Rice University they all of a sudden become a part of something much larger than they were before. They become part of a grand family. One of the first things that Rice University drilled into my head when I first arrived was the idea of the honor inscribe, which is really a set of laws that reign over the student body.In this system the student is granted a great deal of trust from their professors and the university in as a whole. Things such as take home exams are commonplace thanks to the trueness from the students to respect the honor code. Since such a high focus is placed on the honor code it is in fact a major piece of the culture here at Rice. I come up like this practice works at Rice so well because the students at Rice scat to have shown a great deal of commitment to get into such a great rail that they are able to be trusted to be more responsible than the average college student.In several(predicate) cultures across the planet th ere are an abundant amount of rituals practiced. Things such as holidays and religion are specific to certain cultures. Rice University has a few rituals of its own. The one that comes to mind most often for mess is the running of Baker 13. This is a taboo ritual in the sense that it is prohibited to just anyone (Howe Rituals evoke 2011). This practice would actually be illegal outside of Rice actually. A brief overview of what Baker 13 entails is a bunch of naked college students running around campus at night covered in skimming cream.They attempt to attack any other students unlucky enough to get in their path with a naked, shaving cream covered hug. This practice is unique to Rice University and thus is a way to back up establish Rices own culture. When it comes to Rices heathenish culture things are quite different from the average run of the mill culture. While cultures usually have a specific social stem that is prevalent, Rice University prides itself by having so ma ny students with such a commodious range of ethnic screen backgrounds.Rice actually draws from a plethora of ethnic groups, in which members share certain beliefs, values, customs, and norms because of their common background (Howe Ethnicity lecture 2011). This ability to draw from so many different cultures and their ethnic groups is a major part of Rice Universitys own culture. Much the same as American culture is borrowed culture from other areas in the world, Rice can be seen as being multicultural. Rice is definitely non only composed of many other cultures coming together.Rices culture has many other aspects unique to itself such as the before mentioned rituals and life here in general. Rice University even has its own style exclusive to Rice. This can be seen in the different cheers of each of the 11 different residential colleges here on campus. These cheers tend to be somewhat more vulgar than the average language seen outside of Rice University with some even referrin g to sexual acts with a nonhers parents. Language here at Rice is not restricted to merely vocalizations. We, much like gangs in the streets, have a few hand gestures and symbols that are commonly used here.One such gesture is when one makes an owl with his or her hands. This is commonly seen at sporting events when students are cheering on for the Rice University owls. This is one way in which all of the students come together in show support for their fellow students. In some ways people faculty think of Rice University as not really having a unifying culture. This can be attributed to the eleven different residential colleges here on campus. Each college does in fact have its own culture, so Rice University is actually made up of eleven sub-cultures.These sub-cultures actively compete amongst one another in events such as powder-puff, basketball, and other sporting venues. This competition can come across as harmful in keeping a university wide culture intact. Many might wonder how a culture that has almost a dozen sub-cultures that compete against each other so often and even have anti-cheers for one another could still be called a culture. Culture is in fact seen as something that unifies groups and individuals so it is understandable when people do not see Rice University as really having a university wide culture.To me this idea of Rice University not having a culture is totally ungrounded. The many sub-cultures of Rice actually carry to the overall campus wide community in my opinion. Rice University has the culture it does because of the ability to have so many different sub-cultures coexist with one another and form such a unified student body. This combination is not always noticeable on the surface, but rest assured Rice people relish other Rice people. Like I mentioned above, the whole university comes together at college-level sporting events to cheer on the team against other universities.Another example of members of the different resident ial colleges coming together is during naval divisiones. Since care class plays such a major role when one is at a university they can be great opportunities for cooperation among the eleven residential colleges. Students from all the residential colleges work together in class on group projects and discussing the topics of the class. Like all universities, Rice has numerous clubs and organizations that one can become a part of. The clubs and organizations encounter anyone to join in and become a member.Even cultural clubs that represent specific foreign cultures pleasurable individuals from any other cultural background to join in their activities. A few weeks ago I attended a production put on by Rices own southeastward Asian dance organization. There were an abundant amount of individuals participating in the production that were obviously not of Southeast Asian heritage. To me this proves just how many different cultures can coexist within Rice Universitys very own culture. In other words I believe that Rice University has a particular and unique culture thanks to the universitys ability to bring so many diverse cultures together.not many other places or organizations could have such a strong presence in my opinion. In my short time at Rice so far I have already been abnormal by the culture of this place. I remember when applying to colleges I would think of how it would be when I actually started attending a university. I would think of all the college cliches from movies and friends experiences that had already began their collegiate career. I began to form my fancys of how I thought college would be when I finally got there.After I got to Rice I soon realized that how I thought the culture would be was completely off. Rice is a place where one has to really be a part of and experience its culture for that culture to be really understood and appreciated. Works Cited Howe, Cymene 2011 Culture lecture. Rice University, excogitation to Social/Cultur al Anthropology, Fall. Howe, Cymene 2011 Rituals lecture. Rice University, Introduction to Social/Cultural Anthropology, Fall. Howe, Cymene 2011 Ethnicity lecture. Rice University, Introduction to Social/Cultural Anthropology, Fall.

Diversity in Universities Essay Example for Free

variation in Universities EssayThe plow of getting education involves going through a number of stages. They ar the pre-school, primary school, high school and finally the tertiary institutions and the university. Admission into the universities or colleges involves the process in which students who amaze completed high school join tertiary education at universities and colleges. An educational system differs from unmatched country to another. Some countries have self governing bodies which centralize the administration of standardized exams. assortment refers to the process of recognizing and appreciating the individuals characteristics that make them unique so as to promote the celebration of the individual and collective achievement of those persons. Universities consists of individuals who apply significantly to the growth of culture of the community through expressing their views on how to improve on the performance of an validation Diversity in universities. As teac hers teach in universities, they always need to update their knowledge in their fields of specialization because of changing trends.Diverse systems in universities enable students to know in advance the case and quality of teaching and qualification they will receive. Benefits of motley When an organization values diversity, it means that it values the local anesthetic community as well as themselves. Different values are appreciated by the divers(prenominal) organization . This kind of organization recognizes the fact that people with different backgrounds skills, attitude and experience brings about fair ideas and perceptions.Diverse organizations encourage and harness various differences that make their services relevant and approachable. They also get a wide range of views exercised so that it can listen to them and meet the changing needs of its user, staff, volunteers and partners. Intellectual Diversity A review is done about the students perception of students towards tea chers who attempt to discuss administration in course other than political science in classrooms. Academic freedom should be allowed in college campuses for its easier to correct a situation in the classroom.On other hand arguments should be made to be one sided. For education, it is said to be implemented when students are provided with a variety of perspectives and encouraged to think for them. on that point are some suggestions given to ensure happy diversity at the same time defend academic freedom, for instance establishing new academic programs political bias in student funded groups. In conclusion, diversity helps us to see situations from different points of view and therefore assists one to accommodate changes when they arise.It is therefore necessary to run into about diversity so as to appreciate the different research agendas and priorities that may arise that may bring change to a community and thus lead to proper decision making processes within their organizati ons.ReferenceBlosser, S. (2005) Universities Flunk In Intellectual Diversity http//72. 14. 205. 104/search? q=cacheN1K4WYFP6EgJwww. campusreportonline. net/main/articles. php%3Fid%3D706+intellectual+diversity+in+universitieshl=enct=clnkcd=2gl=keclient=firefox-a Website accessed on September 6, 2008

Tesla Motors, Inc. Financial Analysis Essay Example for Free

Tesla Motors, Inc. Financial Analysis EssayTesla Motors, Inc. was founded in early 2003 by a group of ti V tot in allyey engineers, incorporated in Delaw be on July 1 of the same year, and is straightway headquartered in Palo Alto, California (Tesla- Investor). The familiarity designs, develops and manufactures electric vehicles and electric vehicle powertrain components. Tesla also provides the same services and powertrain components to new(prenominal) manufacturers of electric vehicles (Analysts Corner 2). Tesla Motors is trump known for producing the Tesla Roadster, an all electric sports elevator car released in 2008, with step to the forestanding performance results (About Tesla). Tesla has developed a unique marketing plan that differs from the traditional self-propelled fabrication by marketing and grappleing its products all(prenominal)where the internet and through a global network of 32 stores that are owned and operated by Tesla. The arrange with has 2, 964 employees and has electric vehicles on the road in 37 countries around the globe (About Tesla Analysts Corner 2).On June 29, 2010 Tesla Motors Inc. became the first the Statesn car fellowship to go public since the Ford Motor Company in 1956. The play along offered 11.8 one thousand million shares impairmentd at $1 above the initial offering at $17. The IPO was so successful that Tesla offered an additional 20% equity in the beau monde by increasing the offering to $13.3 million shares to meet demand. The company raised a total of $226 million, the nisus impairment soaring up 41% to $25 a share on opening day (Andrejczak). Today, Tesla Motors Inc. (TSLA) is traded on the NASDAQ carnation ex qualify at a expense of more than $180 a share. The stock has grown over 800% since its IPO and now Tesla has a market capitalization of over $22 billion. This impressive increase in stock set may come as a surprise to many investors due to the companys sugar, or lack thereof. Gi ven the current economic conditions, the relatively new market and existing competition the Tesla stock price is grossly overvalued.Tesla produces an outstanding product with an outstanding price tag. The new Tesla S was designed to require do in the luxury sports car arena along with BMW, Mercedes and Audi. Tesla has estimated that 21,000 exemplification S will roll out of its production facility in 2013 at a sticker price between $70,000 and $100,000 (Seetharaman Finger). This year, Mercedes will sell 25,000 luxury sedans in that price range to U.S. consumers and BMW just slightly less than Mercedes (Finger). Tesla has estimated it will produce 40,000 mock up S next year, al just close to twice the number of BMWs sold in that price range. In the post recessionary economic climate of 2013, there is not a strong demand for vehicles in this price range, even with the $7500 tax trust offered to consumers. The Tesla Model S is still out of reach for most Americans.There are more reasonably priced alternatives in the EV market such as the Nissan undulate and the Chevy Volt, but sales have been sluggish (Stammers Alpert). General Motors recently announced a $5,000 starchy price cut for the Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid and Chrysler has opted to stay out of the EV market until dragged there by consumers (Buss). Since the key to the early profitability of Tesla Motors is in the mass production of an affordable EV, demand for the product becomes paramount. As Dale Buss, an automotive industry journalist explains Its one thing for Tesla to sell nearly 1,500 Model S a month at about $70,000 apiece in the U.S. market these days when Elon Musks inauguration attempts to penetrate the lower part of the EV market with its own model, success will be a lot harder to come by.(Buss) Tesla intends to meet that challenge with the 2016 release of the Gen. III., a Tesla EV with the range of a Model S, but half the price. The 200 mile range of a Tesla EV is what gives it a c ompetitive return over other more affordable EVs, but at the cost of additional batteries (Alpert). The added cost of the batteries makes the tail end price next to impossible to reach, but necessary in order to avoid the fate of other affordable EVs, such as the Volt. So, rather than realize their goal to accelerate the worlds inflection to electric mobility with a full range of increasingly affordable electric cars(Tesla Improves), Tesla Motors is helping create a highly bifurcated segment where but expensive EVs can achieve a feasible slew while pushing affordable EVs and its own profitable future further out of reach (Buss).Tesla Motors CEO, Elon Musk, maintains that there is still adequate demand for the Model S and that the company has received 10,000 orders in North America alone. The truth of the matter is that the true demand for EVs remains to be seen. In May of 2013, Tesla shocked analysts when it stop disclosing its end-of-quarter order backlog which might have she d light on the issue after previously trumpeting a 15,000-unit reservation list (Alpert). Many of Teslas orders were cancelled due to the companys price increases on excerptions for the Model S, which added an average 8%-9% to the overall price and stirred up numerous node complaints on the Tesla website blog (Finger Blanco). Many consumers are interested in reducing CO2 and reducing our colony on fossil fuels, but simply cannot afford the more expensive alternatives.In an attempt to make Tesla vehicles more affordable and increase sales Tesla Motors has partnered with U.S. Bank and Wells Fargo Bank to provide backing to satisfactory Model S customers that includes longer terms, lower payments and the Tesla resale guarantee. Buying a Model S through the Tesla financing offering now comes with a guarantee that the resale value will be higher than that of BMW, Audi, Mercedes, Lexus or catamount (Tesla Improves).The guarantee is personally backed by the CEO of Tesla Motors to gi ve owners complete peace of mind about the long term value of the product (Tesla Improves). Elon Musk, Teslas chief executive described the financing platform during an interview If our car was chiefly available for purchase and not by financing, I hazard thats perchance accessible to roughly 1 million US households. A financed product with the right financing-fully optimized financing, I think its probably accessible to the top 10 million households. (Seetharaman)Musk went on to report that since the finance computer program was implemented, the company has experienced a meaningful increase in demand that he estimates to be about 30,000 cars a year in North America (Seetharaman). There is little doubt that the Tesla financing program has boosted sales. In the second quarter 30 percent of sales fell into this category (Finger). Amazingly, once against generally accepted history principles (GAAP), Tesla records the entire amount of the payment it receives from the bank as taxat ion. The bank pays the full amount of the car price to Tesla, but after the 3 year lease agreement ends, Tesla pays the outstanding balance of around $46,000 when it takes the car back as part of the spoil-back guarantee.According to GAAP, the $46,000 would be a debt until the bank has been paid. This method of recording debt as revenue makes Tesla look more appealing on the books. Meanwhile, Tesla builds up an expensive and costly inventory of utilize Model S sedans as it works hard to convince consumers that the model S should be replaced, which in effect lowers the value of their own used inventory. The buy back guarantee has the potential to become a good liability for the new car company.In an effort to promote the use of cleaner technology and ameliorate the air quality in the area of California, law makers there have implemented a program whereby automobile producers can earn credits for every zero-emission-vehicle (ZEV) and partial-zero-emission-vehicle (PZEV) brought t o or sold in the state. Manufacturers can only sell a certain amount of vehicles that dont fall into this category. The manufacturers then have the option to purchase more credits from other companies in order to continue selling vehicles in California. Tesla earns credit every time the company sells a Model S and these credits are sold to competitors.It has been estimated that for every Model S sold, Tesla receives between $25,000 to $35,000 expense of these credits and could contribute about $188 million in revenue for 2013 (Isidore). This year Tesla Motors Inc. reported its first profit in the first quarter and better than projected earnings for the second quarter (Isidore). A closer look at the source of that revenue reveals that it did not come from sales of vehicles, but actually from the selling of zero-emissions-credits. Tesla sold a total of $68 million worth of the credits, 12% of its total revenue in the first quarter (OBrien). Despite the source of the income, Tesla Mot ors stock price rose 17% when the quarterly report was released (Seetharaman).Another contributing factor to the run-away stock price is that historically Tesla stock has been a favorite amongst investors for shorting. One analyst at Barrons reported that as frequently as 45% of Tesla outstanding shares were shorted until the first quarter earnings were released (OBrien). When thestock began its climb, the short sellers were forced to buy back at higher prices than they had hoped to, which effectively drove the market price higher. Investors also responded favorably to the countersign that the Model S won The Car and Driver Magazines Car of the Year for 2013 and again when the Model S earned the highest score ever given to an automobile by Consumers Reports (OBrien, Finger). The frontward price earnings ratio for Tesla Motors is in the neighborhood of 170. A high price-earnings ratio suggests that investors are expecting future growth and earnings. An exceptionally high P/E is in dicative of a speculative eruct and overvaluation. grocery Capitalization for Tesla Motors Inc. has doubled within the last couple months and is now over $22 billion. The value of an endeavour for profit is dependent on what it can produce or profit from moving forward into the future, and in doing so increase the wealth of the ownership. Tesla Motors will produce roughly 20,000 cars this year and plans on doubling that issue for 2014. That makes every car Tesla produced this year worth $1.1 million of stock. Compare that number to luxury automaker BMW that has a market cap of$52.79 billion on global sales of 1.85 million cars or $28.53 thousand per car.Mercedes Benz produces cars at $43.4 thousand per car using the same calculation (Finger). Tesla will have to produce hundreds of thousands of vehicles to support a stock price even half of what it is currently. With the limited amount of demand at the current price, the stock can soar as high as the market will allow it, but the price will have no foundation and will eventually crumble down. The over-valuation leaves Tesla poised for a buyout or takeover by a larger manufacturer.Tesla Motors is obviously good at what it does. The technology developed by the company is being used by other more established automobile makers, such as Toyota and Daimler. The problem with specialization is that it leaves a company, especially a large one, vulnerable to changes in technology, market shifts and consumer sentiments. Tesla has all of its eggs in one basket. A significant shift in the market, a radical change in technology or even consumers warming to the hybrid concept before taking to the electric one would be the end for the new car company. It seems that Tesla has nothing to fall back on, no possibility or alternate plan.Although Tesla has taken the electric vehicle to new heights, the technology is not break-through and the concept is not mind blowing. The whole package is a winning combination, in a small segm ent of the market. The company may be headquartered in California and founded by geeks, but it is still an automobile producer. The automotive industry is dominated by an oligopoly of corporations that historically have been successful at weeding out smaller companies just equivalent Tesla Motors. The competition is fierce and the pockets are deep, economies of scale are a reality in automobile manufacturing. The patents and trademarked technology that Tesla holds right now will be meaningless in a matter of a few years, or several months.If the demand for electric cars increases significantly, Tesla will be forced to compete. Without the differentiation that Tesla has now, the company doesnt have much of a chance. Tesla has a challenging future in order to be it must lower its costs and crank up production. The niche market of wealthy movie stars that take to be seen in a Tesla Roadsters isnt going to get them there. The high price people are willing to pay for their stock isnt going to either.Tesla Motors Inc. produces amazing all electric vehicles that are sporty, luxurious, and state of the art. The companys CEO and spokesperson, Elon Musk is an innovative billionaire, who is enthusiastic, confident, and as cool as the Tesla Roadster. The company has turned the automotive industry upside-down and investors want a piece of it. The stock price is just waiting for other promising news story or SEC filing to soar even higher.Tesla is, according to all the critics, an incredible car, but it is a company held together with financial bubblegum (Finger). The only question is when will the bubble burst?Works CitedAbout Tesla Motors. Teslamotors.com, 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2013. . Alpert, Bill. Recharge Now. Online.barrons.com, 2013. Web. 24 Sep 2013.

Final Reflection Paper Essay Example for Free

Final reflectiveness Paper EssayFinal Reflection PaperI consider had the opportunity to tender for the resist several weeks. I had never really informed before, so I knew that this was my opportunity to do some residential district service to encourage some others. I have found through the experience that I really wish to offer up, so in the near future I will probably volunteer on my own, quite a than doing it for a class. Doing service projects is a great way to get involved with the community. There ar ceaselessly muckle and businesses looking for religious service, and it is usually easy to find a way to help. When I had to do volunteer services for psychology, I was excited because I had never really volunteered for a long period of time. It was truly interesting, because it actually made me face like a better person for helping someone in the community. I volunteered at the Manchester Church of the Brethren Pre train. I chose that place, because I am an ed ucation major, and I thought that it would help me be able to work with children. I love working with children every chance that I can. piece I was volunteering/observing, I acquire more things that involved psychology. Psychology obviously relates to humans, so it was fair to put it into a different perspective, because I got to look at 4 and 5 year olds, to mold how the subjects that we were recently discussing in class, pertained to them particularly. Children learn very quickly, at a young age so I had a great opportunity to see that first hand. It was neat to relate all of the things I learned in class, to the actual students I was observing.I thought that 10 hours of volunteering was a perfect amount of time. It gave us enough time to actually get to know that people we were volunteering for, but it was non so long, that it took forever. I started my volunteering hours as soon as I could, so that way I knew I would have smoke of time to complete them. My family has alwa ys influenced me to become a better person, and volunteering really fits into that category. As I conduct to get older, I now know that helping others really makes you come up better about yourself. raft that volunteer in the community have really influenced me, because many times it is people in my family, friends, or acquaintances. These influences have changed because I know that when I volunteer I am exactly doinggood for others, and it withal reminds me that I should not be so selfish sometimes. They influence me because I know that when I help others out, it brightens up their day, and they really enjoy getting help from somebody else that cares about them. There have been many influences that help me realize that volunteering can only help others. Volunteering only betters a person. I know from other experiences that volunteers really make a difference in peoples lives. Volunteering is something that everyone should want to do, and the benefits are a great part too. I ha ve learned through my church family different ways to feel needed on this earth, and one of those ways is to help others. I have learned about Karma, inwardly the last couple of years, and I truly believe in it. What goes around, comes around. So I think that if you are only putting good deeds out there, then eventually someone or something will do good deeds in return. I feel motivated to do activities and different events that have to do with people. I particularly like younger children, but I am a people person, so anything that I can connect with helps me enjoy doing things. Helping out with children is a must, because later on in heart I amgoing to be working with children as a career. non everyone likes to work with children, so if we get the people that do, they feel more satisfied themselves. When trying to find a job, people look for volunteering experience, because that just shows them that you care about helping others, and you take time out of your sustenance to do s o. These are very important motivators. I recently just volunteered for Relay For Life. Throughout my life I have known many people that have cancer and other diseases. I feel that to help this was the least that I could do. I donated some money to put towards a fund. As salubrious as walked with a group to show that cancer never sleeps. This was very important to me. I excessively do volunteer babysitting. Since, I enjoy working with children, this is an easy way to get to work with them. When families only go out for a couple of hours, they usually call me, because typically I do not make them pay, because I enjoy their children so much. In high school I did many volunteer activities. I was involved with many different clubs and sports. Usually through those we would have to raise money and volunteer our time to do something. For example with Marching Band, we would go to different counties, and do ourshow for them if they asked. For cheerleading, we would do a mini-cheer clinic , which we taught little children chants, and cheers. I had many other opportunities that I did volunteer work in high school as soundly. The most recent thing I have done at Manchester College is Relay For Life. I described what I did earlier, which I participated in the walk and raising money. I just finished volunteering in Introduction to Psychology class, which I volunteered at Manchester Church of the Brethren. I really enjoyed that, because I got to work with children. I am looking forward to volunteering for many more things in my upcoming years at Manchester.Overall, I feel that volunteering only betters yourself, and it helps others. It is a great way to support a community as well as meet new people, and to help out others. I feel that everyone should volunteer, and for something that they are passionate about. I am glad I got the chance to volunteer, because I feel better about myself knowing that I helped others, and I look forward to many more opportunities.

Tourette Syndrome Essay Example for Free

Tourette Syndrome EssayTourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic, familial, neurobiological dis aver with itsonset in childhood and is marked by presence of in volunteer take headings and sounds, kn consume as motor and birdsong tics respectively (Bagheri, Kerbeshian Burd, 1999). According to Lingui-Systems (1999, cited in Prestia, 2003), approximately 1 in every 2,500 individuals suffer from TS, with boys being diagnosed to a greater extent frequently than girls. Tourettes syndrome overly known as Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (after its discoverer Georges Gilles de la Tourette, a French neurologist), bed be considered to be the most interlacing and severe manifestation of the spectrum of tic disorders (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). Etiology and PathogenesisThe subscribe to cause of TS is non known. TS is supposed to have a multifactorialetiology with, genetic and environ psychogenic factors playing an important part in its development. Concordance rate of ab out(p) 60% in monozy gotic twins and 10% in dizygotic twins suggest genetic basis behind TS (Bagheri et al, 1999). The mode of transmission of Tourettes syndrome is controversial. Though the exact patho-physiological mechanism rudimentary the disease has yet non been discovered, ab patternities in basal ganglia (shown in figure 1) and facade cortex have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Tourettes syndrome (Bagheri et al). Ab blueprintity in secretion of neuro-transmitters e particular(a)ly dopamine is also thought to be associated with TS (Bagheri et al).Figure1. Brain Structures Involved in Tourette Syndrome reference book John Henkel, J. (2006). Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on 21 April 2007 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImageBrain_structure.gifSymptomsTourettes syndrome follows a fluctuating course in most children. Symptoms usually appear at about 6-7 years of age. Many factors like anxiety, stress, substance abuse etc.can intensify tics. Presence of tics (both motor and vocal) is characteristic of TS. According to American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical manual of psychic disorders, fourth edition- text revision. (DSM-IV-TR, 2000), tics ar defined as sudden, rapid, purposeless, repetitive, non-rhythmic, stereotyped movements or vocalizations.Tics in TS be not constantly present (except in extremely severe cases) and occur on a background of normal motor activity (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). This disorder usually begins with simple tics which progress over time into more decomposable ones. Different types of simple and complex tics as described by Bagheri et al (1999) which can be seen in patients with TS have been enumerated in table 1. Besides TS, tics can be seen associated with other neurologic disorders like (encephalitis, Huntingtons disease etc). These secondary tics, not associated with Tourette syndrome are commonly referred to as tourettism ((Bagheri et al, 1999).Table 1.Common Types of Tics Seen in Patients with Tourette Synd rome.SIMPLE TICS manifold TICSMotor ticsVocal or phonic ticsMotor ticsVocal or phonic ticsEye heartbeatThroat clearingFlapping armsTalking to one selfSticking tongue outSniffingFacial grimacing assume different intonationsHead turningBarkingAdjusting or picking at clothingCoprolalia blurting out obscene or socially inappropriate lyric poem or phrasesJerking of head or shouldersCoughingComplex lamentable movementsEcholalia involuntary repetition of the words of othersMuscle tensingYellingJumpingPalilalia involuntary repetition of ones own wordsFlexing fingersHiccuppingShaking feetKickingBelchingPoking and pinchingProducing animal soundsCopropraxia involuntary executing of obscene gesturesKissing self or othersSpittingSource Bagheri, M.M. Kerbeshian, J., Burd, L. (1999). Recognition and management of Tourettes Syndrome and tic disorders. American Family Physician, 59 (8). Retrieved on 21 April from http//www.aalpha fetoprotein.org/afp/990415ap/2263.htmlMotor ticsMotor tics can be described as brief movements which occur over overdue to involuntary muscle contraction. Motor tics can be simple or complex in character (see table 1). Tics usually occur as an involuntary movement or as a reply to an involuntary urge to perform the movement (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). These involuntary movements are often perceived as voluntary by the patient and he tries to suppress them. Suppression of tics results in building up of an inner latent hostility or a feeling of discomfort. This leads a further burst of tics which is relieved after performance of the movement (Kwak Jankovic, 2002).Vocal tics Vocal or phonic tics represent involuntary sounds produced due to contraction ofnasal or oro-pharyngeal muscles (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). Like somatic motor tics, vocal tics can also be divided into simple and complex tics (shown in table 1). Coprolalia once thought to be characteristic of TS is present in about 8-25% cases (Bagheri et al, 1999). other type of speech disturbance p resent in some patients is engine block tics. They are manifested by every hesitancy in starting the speech or sudden interruption in the flow of normal speech (Kwak Jankovic, 2002) Developmental stuttering is also sometimes seen in patients with TS (Kwak Jankovic, 2002).Tourettes syndrome is often associated with other co-morbid conditions like obsessional compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavior problems and learning disabilities (Prestia, 2003).DiagnosisDiagnosis of TS is usually made clinically based on recognition of tics. The Diagnostic criteria for TS as defined by American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition- text revision. (DSM-IV-TR), 2000 is shown in table 1.Table 1. DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Tourettes DisorderAPresence of both motor and vocal tics at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently.BThe tics occur many times a daytime (usu ally in bouts) nearly every day or intermittently throughout a period of more than 1 year, and during this period there is never a tic-free period of more than 3 consecutive months.CThe onset of symptoms is before the age of 18 years.DTS is diagnosed after ruling out the presence of symptoms due to direct effect of drugs of abuse or general medical conditions (e.g., Huntingtons disease or post viral encephalitis). intervention Treatment of TS may require a multi-disciplinary team approach involvingneurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, educators etc. (Kwak Jankovic, 2002).An algorithm for management of TS as described by Bagheri et al (1999) is shown in figure 2.Pharmacological therapy medical examination therapy should aim at the treatment of most disabling symptom. Tics(both vocal and motor) respond best to dopamine blocking drugs (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). These can include conventional neuroleptics like haloperidol and pimozide and t he atypical neuroleptic agents like risperidone. Neuroleptic agents are associated with numerous side effects like sedation, weight gain, impaired academic performance, in children and extra pyramidic movement symptoms (like tardive dyskinesia).Since TS is frequently associated with other co-morbid conditions like OCD, ADHD etc, pharmacotherapy should be tailored to treat these conditions as well (Kwak Jankovic, 2002). For e.g. Central nervous system stimulants (amphetamines and dextroamphetamine) can be used for treatment of ADHD and anti-depressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) for management of OCD, if present. Injections of botulinum toxin can be used for tics isolated to one body vicinity such as the eyes, neck, or vocal cords.Non-Pharmacologic interventionsSince TS most commonly affects children in the age when they are attendance school, symptoms of TS can affect their academic performance, cause inference with their social-emotional development, and impose l imitations due to corporal disabilities produced as a result of tics (Prestia, 2003).It is the duty of educational providers, school personnel and parents to keep these limitations in mind and to draw out an adequate plan incorporating carefully thought out interventions and adaptations, in order to enhance the success and performance of children suffering with TS, at school (Prestia, 2003). Behavior treatment and counseling can be used to conjure development of social and academic skills in children and to prevent exacerbation of symptoms related to TS, by modifying their behavior (Bagheri et al, 1999).Source Bagheri, M.M. Kerbeshian, J., Burd, L. (1999). Recognition and management of Tourettes Syndrome and tic disorders. American Family Physician, 59 (8). Retrieved on 21 April from http//www.aafp.org/afp/990415ap/2263.htmlPrognosisTS is a lifelong disorder with an unpredictable course (Prestia, K. (2003). Theclinical course of TS as described by Bagheri et al (1999) is shown i n figure 3. As shown in figure 3, symptoms of TS diminish during and after adolescence in about 85% of patients. About 5 to 10 % of patients may show no improvement. Most patients with TS require medication for up to one to two years. About 15 % of patients may require long-term medication for tic control.Figure 3. clinical Course of Tourettes SyndromeSource Bagheri, M.M. Kerbeshian, J., Burd, L. (1999). Recognition and management of Tourettes Syndrome and tic disorders. American Family Physician, 59 (8). Retrieved on 21 April from http//www.aafp.org/afp/990415ap/2263.htmlConclusionTS is not an uncommon problem and can be often encountered in school children. TS is a multifactorial neurological disorder requiring an integrated treatment approach targeting at the other co-morbid conditions associated with TS, as well. Treatment must also incorporate an effective multi-disciplinary team approach aiming at treatment and recognition of underlying complex mechanisms, solving speech and l anguage problems and promoting socio-emotional and academic development to substantially improve the quality of life and performance of individuals with TS.Article ReviewThe member by Prestia, 2003 focuses on need of educators to understand the special academic, social-emotional, and animal(prenominal) needs of the children suffering from TS. Educators need to make use of simple interventions to help these children overcome their illness and touch best possible performance at school. TS can cause significant academic, social-emotional, and physical challenges for the child as described belowAcademic ChallengesTS does not directly affect intelligence, and many students with TS have average or above average IQs. Still approximately 40% of individuals with TS can have learning problems. This is so as many individuals with TS have associated comorbid disorders like learning disabilities, OCD, ADHD, Asperger syndrome etc. Assistance can be provided through special education services or individualized education program (IEP) or a 504 Plan.If the student does not qualify for either, classroom teachers can make use of simple interventions and plans by using available resources and their own knowledge .For e.g. if the child is having trouble with writing, teachers can make use of alternatives like using oral opinion tests instead of written assignments, using multiple-choice questions etc. Since stress can precipitate tics, teachers should take steps to eliminate any source of stress for the student.Social-emotional ChallengesChildren with TS tend to have problems in interacting with and being accepted by their peers due to abnormal behavior produced as a result of motor and vocal tics. Such children may become isolated and depressed and are at risk for developing poor self-esteem and self-confidence. They are also easy targets to bullying. Educators should take steps to encourage acceptance and support of such students by their peers. sensible ChallengesUnderlying physical problems accompanying the disorder often go unaddressed. Educators should properly assess these problems by consulting a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) involving a physical therapist, occupational therapist, and adapted physical education teacher in order to determine the students motor strengths and areas of need. For e.g. Impairments in sensory processing or motor planning may interject with normal day to day non-academic activities like toileting, eating lunch, etc. Simple solutions can be offered by the MDT to facilitate independence and to prevent self-harm during the period of tic release in such children. In my view this article provides helpful suggestions that can be utilized in school settings. In order to achieve optimum development and performance of these students, educators must make use of simple and carefully thought out interventions. They should hap out ways to promote social-emotional development and also help them in coping with learning and physical d isabilities, imposed by the tics.ReferencesAmerican Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mentaldisorders, fourth edition- text revision. (2000). Retrieved on 21 April from http//www.behavenet.com/capsules/disorders/touretteTR.htmBagheri, M.M., Kerbeshian, J., Burd, L. (1999). Recognition and management ofTourettes Syndrome and tic disorders. American Family Physician, 59 (8). Retrieved on 21 April from http//www.aafp.org/afp/990415ap/2263.htmlKwak, C. Jankovic, J. (2002). The Neurology of a Tic From the Point of Viewof the Scientist. Retrieved on 21 April 2007 from http//www.asha.org/about/publications/leader-online/ recital/2002/q3/020806a.htmPrestia, K. (2003).Tourettes syndrome Characteristics and interventions. Interventionin school and clinic, 39(2), 67. Retrieved on 21 April 2007 from http//proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=37did=443394391SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=4VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1176684625clientId=18091